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Multiple Sclerosis Treatment: Disease Modifiers, Beta Interferon, Fingolimod, Corticosteroids, and Neurological Rehabilitation

Middle-aged Hispanic female doctor in a medical office reviewing a patient file on a tablet, surrounded by medical books and a brain model on the desk, symbolizing neurological study. In the background, diplomas on the wall and a poster of the nervous system, with natural light streaming through a window, highlighting her expertise in multiple sclerosis treatment, including beta interferon, fingolimod, corticosteroids, and neurological rehabilitation.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system characterized by autoimmune inflammation and demyelination. It primarily affects young adults and significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Although there is no definitive cure, advances in multiple sclerosis treatment, particularly with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), have transformed the management of MS, allowing for a reduction in relapse frequency and slowing the progression of disability.

Disease Modifiers and Relapse Management

Disease-modifying treatments are fundamental in the management of MS. Among the most commonly used are beta interferon and fingolimod. These treatments have demonstrated efficacy in reducing inflammatory activity and disease progression. Beta interferon works by modulating the immune response, while fingolimod prevents lymphocytes from exiting the lymph nodes, thereby reducing immune cell infiltration into the central nervous system [1].

Managing relapses in MS is another crucial aspect. Corticosteroids are the treatment of choice for acute exacerbations, as they help reduce inflammation and accelerate recovery. However, their use must be carefully monitored due to potential side effects [2].

In addition to pharmacological treatments, neurological rehabilitation plays an essential role in the comprehensive management of MS. Physical and occupational therapies can improve mobility, strength, and quality of life for patients, complementing the effects of DMTs [3].

Conclusions

The treatment of multiple sclerosis has advanced significantly with the introduction of disease modifiers and effective relapse management. The combination of pharmacological therapies such as beta interferon and fingolimod, along with neurological rehabilitation, offers a comprehensive approach to improving clinical outcomes and the quality of life for patients. It is crucial for physicians to stay updated on the latest guidelines and recommendations to optimize the treatment of their patients with MS [4].

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Created 6/1/2025