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Diagnosis of Uterine Fibroids: Transvaginal Ultrasound and Metrorrhagia Symptoms According to FIGO Classification

Hispanic female doctor in a professional medical setting, examining a transvaginal ultrasound image on a computer screen that displays uterine fibroids. The doctor has a focused expression, emphasizing the importance of accurate diagnosis of uterine fibroids and metrorrhagia. In the background, a medical office with books and a model of the female reproductive system, relevant to the FIGO classification.

Uterine fibroids, also known as leiomyomas, are the most common benign tumors of the uterus, affecting a significant percentage of women of reproductive age. While many fibroids are asymptomatic, a considerable number of women experience symptoms that impact their quality of life, such as metrorrhagia, pelvic pain, and reproductive issues. Transvaginal ultrasound has established itself as the most accessible and sensitive initial diagnostic tool for evaluating these tumors.

Diving Deeper into the Diagnosis of Uterine Fibroids

Transvaginal ultrasound is the method of choice for detecting fibroids due to its high sensitivity and specificity. This procedure allows visualization of fibroids as well-defined, solid, hypoechoic masses that may cause variable acoustic shadows. However, in cases where fibroids are numerous or exhibit complex characteristics, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides a more accurate assessment, especially when using the FIGO classification to uniformly and consistently describe and classify fibroids [1].

The symptomatology of uterine fibroids varies according to their size and location. The most common symptoms include metrorrhagia, pelvic pain, and mass symptoms. In some cases, fibroids may contribute to infertility or obstetric complications. The management of fibroids is based on the severity of symptoms and the patient's desire to preserve fertility [2].

Conclusions

Accurate diagnosis of uterine fibroids is crucial for proper symptom management and treatment planning. Transvaginal ultrasound remains the most commonly used initial diagnostic tool, but magnetic resonance imaging is preferred in complex cases. Understanding the FIGO classification and correlating ultrasound findings with clinical symptoms are essential for a comprehensive and precise evaluation. Ongoing research and the development of new diagnostic technologies promise to further enhance our ability to diagnose and treat this prevalent condition [3].

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Created 6/1/2025