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Diagnosis of Infectious Cellulitis: Key Signs like Erythema and Warmth, and the Role of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci in Fever

Middle-aged Hispanic patient with infectious cellulitis in the leg, exhibiting erythema, warmth, and swelling. A Hispanic physician collects a swab for culture in a well-lit and organized clinic, highlighting the importance of diagnosing Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci in cases of fever.

Infectious cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection characterized by erythema, warmth, swelling, and pain in the affected area. This condition is generally caused by bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and streptococci. Accurate diagnosis of infectious cellulitis is crucial to initiate appropriate treatment and prevent potentially serious complications.

Skin Signs and Swab Culture

The diagnosis of infectious cellulitis primarily relies on the clinical evaluation of skin signs. Patients often present with fever and general malaise, along with redness and inflammation of the skin. In some cases, blisters or abscesses may develop, complicating the clinical picture. Identifying the causative agents through swab culture is essential to guide appropriate antibiotic treatment.

In situations where the infection does not respond to initial treatment, it is vital to consider the possibility of infections caused by resistant bacteria, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Additionally, in immunocompromised patients or those with recurrent infections, swab culture can provide valuable information regarding the presence of less common pathogens, such as Aeromonas hydrophila.

Conclusions

The diagnosis of infectious cellulitis requires careful clinical evaluation and, in many cases, the support of laboratory tests such as swab culture. Accurate identification of the pathogen allows for targeted treatment, which is crucial for the effective resolution of the infection and the prevention of complications. Understanding the skin signs and the importance of swab culture is essential for the successful management of this common yet potentially serious condition.

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Created 6/1/2025