Effective Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia: Oral and IV Iron, Bleeding Control, and Iron-Rich Diet Strategies

Dear colleagues, iron deficiency anemia is one of the most common hematological conditions worldwide, affecting various populations, particularly young women and children. Iron deficiency not only impacts the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood but can also have adverse effects on cognitive and physical development, especially in children. In this context, it is crucial to address both iron supplementation and the correction of the underlying cause of the deficiency.

Diving Deeper into the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia

The treatment of iron deficiency anemia focuses on two fundamental pillars: the administration of oral iron or intravenous (IV) iron and the identification and correction of the underlying cause of iron deficiency. The choice between oral and IV iron depends on several factors, including patient tolerance, the severity of anemia, and the presence of conditions affecting iron absorption.

Oral iron, in the form of ferrous salts, is the first-line treatment due to its low cost and ease of administration. However, its use may be limited by gastrointestinal side effects, which can affect treatment adherence. In these cases, IV iron presents an effective alternative, allowing for rapid replenishment of iron stores without the gastrointestinal adverse effects associated with oral iron.

In addition to supplementation, it is essential to address the underlying cause of iron deficiency. This may include bleeding control in cases of chronic blood loss, such as menstrual or gastrointestinal bleeding, and improving an iron-rich diet. Correcting these causes not only helps resolve current anemia but also prevents future recurrences.

Conclusions

Managing iron deficiency anemia requires a comprehensive approach that combines iron supplementation with the correction of underlying causes. The choice between oral iron and IV iron should be personalized, considering the individual characteristics of each patient. Furthermore, it is crucial to investigate and treat any underlying causes, such as bleeding control or enhancing an iron-rich diet, to ensure effective treatment and prevent recurrences.

References

• [1] Iron deficiency: new insights into diagnosis and treatment.
• [2] Oral iron supplementation: new formulations, old questions.
• [3] Clinical management of iron deficiency anemia in adults: Systemic review on advances in diagnosis and treatment.
• [4] Childhood anemia and iron deficiency in sub-Saharan Africa - risk factors and prevention: A review.

Created 4/1/2025