Effective Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: Antihistamines, Intranasal Corticosteroids, and Allergen Immunotherapy

Respiratory allergies, such as allergic rhinitis, are chronic conditions that significantly impact patients' quality of life. The treatment of these conditions focuses on the use of antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids, and allergen immunotherapy, in addition to environmental control strategies to minimize exposure to allergens. This comprehensive approach aims not only to relieve symptoms but also to modify the disease course.
Diving Deeper into Treatment
Antihistamines are a common treatment option for allergic rhinitis, especially second-generation antihistamines, which have fewer sedative effects. However, intranasal corticosteroids are considered the most effective treatment for persistent symptoms, as they reduce nasal inflammation more effectively. The combination of both may be more beneficial in cases of rhinitis poorly controlled with monotherapy.
Allergen immunotherapy, whether subcutaneous or sublingual, is an option for patients who do not respond adequately to conventional treatments. This therapy not only alleviates symptoms but can also modify the underlying immune response, offering long-term benefits and potentially preventing the progression of allergic rhinitis to asthma.
Environmental control is essential for reducing exposure to allergens. Although evidence does not fully support the use of dust mite-proof covers or air filtration systems, nasal irrigation with saline can be a useful adjunct to eliminate allergens from the airways.
Conclusions
Managing respiratory allergies requires a multifaceted approach that combines pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy, and environmental control strategies. Antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids remain cornerstones of treatment, while allergen immunotherapy offers a promising option to modify the disease course. Implementing these strategies in a personalized manner can significantly improve patients' quality of life and reduce the burden of disease.
Referencias
- [1] Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis
- [2] BSACI guideline for the diagnosis and management of allergic and non-allergic rhinitis
- [3] Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis
- [4] International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis
Created 2/1/2025